Word Stress system of the Saraiki language
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4312/ala.11.1.129-145Keywords:
Saraiki, quantity-sensitive, Optimality Theory, trochaic structure, Metrical PhonologyAbstract
This study presents an Optimality-Theoretic analysis of Saraiki word stress. This study presents a first exploration of word stress in the framework of OT. Words in Saraiki are mostly short; secondary stress plays no role here. Saraiki stress is quantity-sensitive, so a distinction must be made between short and long vowels, and light and heavy syllables. A metrical foot can consist of one heavy syllable, two light syllables, or one light and one heavy syllable. The Foot structure starts from right to left in prosodic words. The foot is trochaic and the last consonant in Saraiki words is extra metrical. These generalizations are best captured by using metrical phonology first and Optimality constraints later on.
Downloads
References
Anttila, A. (1997). Deriving variation from grammar: A study of Finnish genitives. In R. v. H. Frans L. Hinskens, W. Leo Wetzels (Eds.), Variation, change and phonological theory (pp. 35-68). Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing.
Atta, F. (2019). Phonetics and Phonology of the Saraiki language: a descriptive exploration and an analysis from the perspective of Optimality Theory (Ph.D. dissertation), Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai.
Atta, F., Weijer, J. v. d., & Zhu, L. (2020). Illustrations of the IPA: Saraiki. Journal of the International Phonetic Association.
Beckman, M. E. (1986). Stress and non-stress accent (Vol. 7). Holland/Riverton: Foris publications.
Broselow, E. (1992). Parametric variation in Arabic dialect phonology. Paper presented at the Perspectives on Arabic linguistics IV, Amsterdam & Philadelphia.
Cohn, A., & McCarthy, J. (1998). Alignment and parallelism in Indonesian phonology. Working Papers of the Cornell Phonetics Laboratory 12, 6, 53-137.
Halle, M., & Vergnaud, J.-R. (1987). Stress and the cycle. Linguistic inquiry, 18(1), 45-84.
Hall, T. A. (2002). The distribution of superheavy syllables in Standard German. The Linguistic Review, 19(4), 377-420.
Hansen, K. C., & Hansen, L. E. (1978). The core of Pintupi grammar. Australia: Institute for Aboriginal development Alice Springs.
Hayes, B. (1980). A Metrical Theory of Stress Rule. (Ph.D. dissertation), MIT was published in 1985 by Garland Press, New York.
Hayes, B. (1982). Extrametricality and English stress. Linguistic inquiry, 13(2), 227-276.
Hayes, B. (1989). Compensatory lengthening in moraic phonology. Linguistic inquiry, 20(2), 253-306.
Hayes, B. (1995). Metrical stress theory: Principles and case studies. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Inkelas, S. (1999). Exceptional stress-attracting suffixes in Turkish: representations versus the grammar. In R. Kager, H. v. d. Hulst, & W. Zonneveld (Eds.), The prosody-morphology interface (pp. 134-187). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kager, R. (1999). Optimality Theory (1st ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kager, R. (2004). Optimality Theory (2nded.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Liberman, M. Y., & Prince, A. (1977). On stress and linguistic rhythm. Linguistic inquiry, 8(2), 249-336.
McCarthy, J. (1979). On stress and syllabification. Linguistic inquiry, 10(3), 443-465.
McCarthy, J. (1986). OCP effects: Gemination and antigemination. Linguistic inquiry, 17(2), 207-263.
Prince, A., & Smolensky, P. (1993). Optimality Theory. London: Blackwell.
Selkirk, E. O. (1980). The role of prosodic categories in English word stress. Linguistic inquiry, 11(3), 563-605.
Sezer, E. (1981). On non-final stress in Turkish. Journal of Turkish Studies, 5, 61-69.
Shackle, C. (1976). The Siraiki Language of central Pakistan: a reference grammar. London: School of Oriental and African studies university of London(SOAS).
Shafeev, D. (1964). A short grammatical outline of Pashto (Vol. 33). Bloomington: Indiana University.
Tryon, D. T. (1970). An Introduction to Maranungku (Northern Australia). Canberra, Australian National University.
Van Oostendorp, M. (2012). Quantity and the Three‐Syllable Window in Dutch Word Stress. Language and linguistics compass, 6(6), 343-358.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Firdos Atta
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors are confirming that they are the authors of the submitting article, which will be published online in journal Acta Linguistica Asiatica by Ljubljana University Press, Faculty of Arts (University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Arts, Aškerčeva 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia). Author’s name will be evident in the article in journal. All decisions regarding layout and distribution of the work are in hands of the publisher.
- Authors guarantee that the work is their own original creation and does not infringe any statutory or common-law copyright or any proprietary right of any third party. In case of claims by third parties, authors commit their self to defend the interests of the publisher, and shall cover any potential costs.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
